1. Internet Protocol Security (IPSec):
Internet Protocol Security, also called IPSec, is opted to secure the internet communication across an IP network.
The IPSec protects Internet Protocol communication by encrypting each data packet and verifying the session throughout the connection.
The IPSec operates in two modes;
1. Tunneling mode
2. Transport mode
The role of tunneling mode is to encrypt the entire data packet, whereas transport mode is responsible for encrypting the message in the designated data packet.
The IPSec can be utilized with other security protocols also to enhance the security system.
2. Point–to–Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP)
The Point-to-Point Tunneling creates a tunnel and restricts the data packet. This particular type of protocol is mainly for encrypting the data among the connections.
The PPTP protocol is considered to be the commonly used VPN protocol type and has been in form since the initial release of Windows. Point-to-Point Protocol can also be used on Linux and Mac along with Windows.
3. Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol (L2TP):
This particular protocol is again a tunneling protocol that is usually used with other VPN security protocols such as IPSec to ensure a properly secured VPN connection.
The Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol forms a tunnel in between 2 connection points of L2TP.
Meanwhile, the IPSec protocol encrypts the data and ensures safe and secure communication between the tunnels.
4. SSL and TLS:
The Secure Sockets Layer and the Transport Layer Security, also known as SSL and TLS, forms a VPN connection where the Web browser mainly acts as a client and user access is restricted to particular applications rather than the whole network.
Moreover, online shopping platforms usually use TLS and SSL protocols. This is because it is simple to switch through web browsers, and usually, no action is required by the users as web browsers are connected with TLS and SSL.
The SSL mainly has ‘HTTPS in their initial URL rather than ‘HTTP.
5. Secure Shell (SSH):
Another kind of VPN protocol here is a Secure Shell or SSH that forms a VPN tunnel via data transfer. It makes sure that the tunnel is encrypted correctly.
Any SSH client creates the SSH connections, and data can be transmitted from a local port to a designated remote server via the encrypted tunnel.
6. OpenVPN:
An OpenVPN is, by its name, an open-source VPN that is typically used for generating Site-to-Site and Point-to-Point connections.
It utilized a traditional security protocol that is entirely based on TLS and SSL protocol.
These are some of the common VPN types and protocols that can help us understand what kind we should opt for.
